What are the challenges of multimedia over wireless channels?

These problems, especially applied to multimedia and wireless networks, can be summarized as limited bandwidth, high packet loss rate and Bit Error Rate (BER), need for mobility management, heterogeneity among users and networks (WLAN (IEEE 802.11x), PAN (IEEE 802.15, Bluetooth), cellular networks (3G/4G LTE)).

What are QoS issues?

Quality of Service (QoS) issues include: one-way audio. dropped calls. garbled sound. static. sound delay.

How multimedia content are transferred over the Internet?

The transmission of multimedia content can be categorized into three main classes: unicast, multicast and broadcast, depending on the number of senders and receivers. Unicast transmission connects one sender to one receiver (point-to-point connection, p2p), as downloading, on-demand streaming media and p2p telephony.

What is multimedia traffic?

Multimedia applications frequently generate real-time traffic—that is, a type of traffic sensitive to queuing delays and to losses due, for exam- ple, to network overloading. Moreover, this type of traffic frequently needs a guaranteed minimum bandwidth.

Which factors affect the network performance when there is heavy traffic on network?

The more delays there are, the longer it takes to transmit data across a network. Latency is affected by the number of devices on the network and the type of connection device. A hub -based network will usually experience higher latency than a switch -based network because hubs broadcast all messages to all devices.

What type of traffic is suitable for TCP?

4.1 Transport Protocols TCP provides reliable connection-oriented delivery of packets, and is suitable for the session-oriented protocols, which we will see in the next section. UDP provides unordered delivery of IP datagrams, which find an excellent application in carrying multimedia traffic.

Why TCP is not suitable for interactive multimedia traffic while UDP is?

TCP is not suitable for interactive traffic as it has no provision for time stamping and it does not support multi casting. UDP is more suitable for multimedia traffic as it supports multi-casting and has no re-transmission strategy.

Why TCP is not suitable for real time applications?

TCP is not suitable for real-time applications as the retransmissions can lead to high delay and cause delay jitter, which significantly degrades the quality. In addition, it does not support multicast. Also, congestion control mechanisms, namely slow start, are not suitable for audio or video media transmission.

Are used to number the packets of real time?

Discussion Forum

Que.	_______ are used to number the packets of a real-time transmission.
b.	Playback buffers
c.	Sequence numbers
d.	none of the above
	Answer:Sequence numbers

Which buffer is required for real time traffic?

A ________buffer is required for real-time traffic.

Which is the protocol designed to handle real time traffic on the Internet?

Real Time Transport Protocol (RTP)

When there is more than one source the dash identifier defines the mixer?

Discussion Forum

Que.	When there is more than one source, the _______ identifier defines the mixer.
b.	contributor
c.	timestamp
d.	none of the above
	Answer:synchronization source

Which protocol is not suitable for interactive multimedia traffic because it retransmits packets in case of errors?

TCP

Is used to compress video?

A video compressor is a piece of software that reduces your video file size by removing details in the data. A video codec (that’s short for coder/encoder) is used to compress large video files for different formats or programs. MPEG-4 (mp4 files) or WMV (Windows Media Video files) are two you might be familiar with.

Which compressions provide some loss of quality?

The biggest benefit of lossy compression is that it significantly reduces the size of the image file. The biggest con is that this is achieved with a loss of quality. Most compression tools available will let you choose the degree of compression that will be used on your images.

Why is lossless better than lossy?

Lossless compression means that as the file size is compressed, the picture quality remains the same – it does not get worse. Also, the file can be decompressed to its original quality. Lossy compression permanently removes data.

What are the disadvantages of lossy compression?

There are disadvantages with lossy compression. The lost data is not retrievable. Once the data has been discarded the file can only be edited with small changes without causing further damage. The file has very limited potential for adjustments or changes in post production.

How many images formats are most commonly used?

five

What are the three popular image formats?

Common Image File Formats

TIFF (. tif, . tiff)
GIF (. gif) GIF or Graphics Interchange Format files are widely used for web graphics, because they are limited to only 256 colors, can allow for transparency, and can be animated.
PNG (. png)
EPS (. eps)
RAW Image Files (. raw, .