What is bord and pillar mining method?

One of the oldest methods of mining is the Bord and Pillar. It is a method in which the mined material is extracted across a horizontal plane while leaving "pillars" of untouched material to support the overburden leaving open areas or "rooms" underground.

What is room and pillar method?

Room and pillar (variant of breast stoping), is a mining system in which the mined material is extracted across a horizontal plane, creating horizontal arrays of rooms and pillars. To do this, "rooms" of ore are dug out while "pillars" of untouched material are left to support the roof overburden.

What are the environmental impacts of room and pillar mining?

Underground mining for coal by longwall or room-and-pillar mining methods often interrupts and depletes groundwater and can alter its quality. Surface mining can enhance the introduction of surface water with dissolved solids into shallow and then deeper groundwater systems through fractures or other conduits.

What is Panel mining?

In coal mining: Ground control and roof support. From the submains, panel entries take off to subdivide further a block of coal into panels for orderly coal extraction.