How do you administer a dash?

Use a calculator Add up the points marked by the patient Subtract 30 Divide by 1.2 The answer is the DASH score. The response to the first 30 items of the DASH are added to form the raw, or ac- tual, score. For example, if a patient an- swered 2, or Mild Difficulty, to all 30 ques- tions, the raw score would be 60.

How is Spadi score calculated?

The SPADI is a 13-item self-report questionnaire. The visual analogue scale is not commonly used. A minimum of 2/3 of items in each subscale must be answered in order to compute a subscale score. Total score is calculated by averaging the pain and disability subscale scores.

What is Spadi?

The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is a self-administered questionnaire that consists of two dimensions, one for pain and the other for functional activities. The pain dimension consists of five questions regarding the severity of an individual’s pain.

What is neck disability index?

The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is a 10-item questionnaire that measures a patient’s self-reported neck pain related disability. It was the first of its kind when it was published in 1991 in JMPT and was based on the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire.

What is the simple shoulder test?

Simple Shoulder Test The SST is a self-reported shoulder-specific questionnaire that measures functional limitations of the affected shoulder in patients with shoulder dysfunction. The SST consists of 12 questions with dichotomous (yes/ no) response options.

What is the success standard for the shoulder test?

Attributes of the simple shoulder test In normal subjects, the reproducibility is essentially 100%, with almost all subjects answering “yes” to all twelve questions.

What is the Oxford shoulder score?

The Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) The Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) is a 12-item patient-reported PRO specifically designed and developed for assessing outcomes of shoulder surgery e.g. for assessing the impact on patients’ quality of life of degenerative conditions such as arthritis and rotator cuff problems.

How do you score the Penn Shoulder scale?

All are based on a 10-point numeric rating scale with end points of ”no pain” and ”worst possible pain. ” Points are awarded for each item by subtracting the number circled from the maximum of 10. Therefore, a patient is awarded 30 points for complete absence of pain.

What is Constant shoulder score?

The Constant–Murley Score (CMS) was presented in 1987 as an instrument to evaluate overall shoulder function, irrespective of diagnosis [1]. The CMS scale assesses four aspects related to shoulder pathology; two subjective: pain and activities of daily living (ADL) and two objective: range of motion (ROM) and strength.

How do you score the neck disability index?

Method of Use. The NDI can be scored as a raw scoreor doubled and expressed as a percent. Each section is scored on a 0 to 5 rating scale, in which zero means ‘No pain’ and 5 means ‘Worst imaginable pain’. Points summed to a total score.

What is a normal Oswestry score?

SCORE DISABILITY LEVEL 0 – 4 No disability 5 – 14 Mild disability 15 – 24 Moderate disability 25 – 34 Severe disability 35 – 50 Completely disabled The Oswestry Disability Index (aka the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire) is an ex- tremely important tool that researchers and disability evaluators use to …

What is normal cervical ROM?

The cervical spine’s range of motion is approximately 80° to 90° of flexion, 70° of extension, 20° to 45° of lateral flexion, and up to 90° of rotation to both sides.

How far should you be able to turn your head?

Turn your head all the way to the right and then all the way to the left. Do have any idea of what the ideal range of movement should be? Between 160 to 180 degrees; i.e. you should be able to rotate your neck to the right and to the left, so that your nose is in line with your shoulder (or near enough).

How far back should your neck bend?

In neck flexion, a normal range of motion is 40 to 80 degrees, which is measured by a device called a goniometer. This shows how far you can move your neck without experiencing pain, discomfort, or resistance. Healthy joints, muscles, and bones help to maintain a normal range of motion.

Why is C2 called axis?

C2 is called the “axis” because it enables the head’s rotation around a longitudinal axis with left and right rotation as when shaking the head “no” (Figure 2, C2 – Axis). To accomplish this feat, the axis has a unique feature among the vertebrae: the dens (or odontoid process).

Does C2 have lateral mass?

The C2 vertebra consists of a body, paired pedicles, lateral masses (superior articulating facets), odontoid, pars interarticularis, inferior articulating facets, lamina, and bifid spinous process.

What muscles attach C2?

Attachments:

attached to the anterior surface of the vertebral body. longus colli.
attached to transverse processes. levator scapulae. scalenus medius. splenius cervicis.
attached to spinous processes. semispinalis cervicis. rectus capitis posterior major.
attached to posterior surface of lamina. multifidus and longissimus.

What is the name for C2?

axis vertebra

What is another name for C1 and C2?

The C1 and C2 vertebrae are the first two vertebrae of the cervical spine. They are also called the atlas and axis vertebrae.

Is carbon a C or C2?

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Diatomic carbon (systematically named dicarbon and 1λ2,2λ2-ethene), is a green, gaseous inorganic chemical with the chemical formula C=C (also written [C2] or C2.

What does C2 mean in English?

A C2 level of English is essentially a native level. It allows for reading and writing of any type on any subject, nuanced expression of emotions and opinions, and active participation in any academic or professional setting.

Is C1 better than C2?

Definitions. C2 Can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. Can express him/herself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in more complex situations. C1 Can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognise implicit meaning.

Is B2 a good grade?

These five scores are averaged to give you an overall result for the exam. You will also be given a grade and Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) level….B2 First Scale Scores.

Cambridge English Scale Score	Grade/CEFR	CEFR level
173–179	Grade B	B2
160–172	Grade C	B2
140–159	Level B1	B1